HEPARIN SODIUM ![]() (hep'a-rin) ![]() Hepalean ![]() Classifications: anticoagulant; Therapeutic: anticoagulant Pregnancy Category: C |
10 units/mL, 100 units/mL, 1000 units/mL 2000 units/mL, 5000 units/mL, 10,000 units/mL, 20,000 units/mL, 40,000 units/mL injection
Exerts direct effect on the cascade of blood coagulation (clotting) by enhancing the inhibitory actions of antithrombin III (heparin cofactor) on several factors essential to normal blood clotting, thereby blocking the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin.
Inhibits formation of new clots. High molecular weight mucopolysaccharide with rapid anticoagulant effect. Does not lyse already existing thrombi but may prevent their extension and propagation.
Prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and to prevent thromboembolic complications arising from cardiac and vascular surgery, frostbite, and during acute stage of MI. Also used in treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), atrial fibrillation with embolization, and as anticoagulant in blood transfusions, extracorporeal circulation, and dialysis procedures.
Prophylaxis in hip and knee surgery. Heparin Sodium Lock Flush Solution is used to maintain potency of indwelling IV catheters in intermittent IV therapy or blood sampling. It is not intended for anticoagulant therapy.
History of hypersensitivity to heparin (white clot syndrome); active bleeding, bleeding tendencies (hemophilia, purpura, thrombocytopenia); jaundice; ascorbic acid deficiency; inaccessible ulcerative lesions; visceral carcinoma; open wounds, extensive denudation of skin, suppurative thrombophlebitis; advanced kidney, liver, or biliary disease; active tuberculosis; bacterial endocarditis; continuous tube drainage of stomach or small intestines; threatened abortion; suspected intracranial hemorrhage, severe hypertension; recent surgery of eye, brain, or spinal cord; spinal tap; shock; pregnancy (category C), especially the last trimester.
Alcoholism; history of allergy (asthma, hives, hay fever, eczema); during menstruation; immediate postpartum period; patients with indwelling catheters; older adults; use of acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD)-converted blood (may contain heparin); patients in hazardous occupations; cerebral embolism.
Treatment of Thromboembolism Adult: IV 5000-unit bolus dose, then 20,00040,000 units infused over 24 h, dose adjusted to maintain desired APTT or 500010,000 unit IV piggyback q46h SC 10,00020,000 unit followed by 800020,000 units q812h Child: IV 50 unit/kg bolus, then 20,000 unit/m2/24 h or 50100 unit/kg q4h Open Heart Surgery Adult: IV 150400 units/kg Prophylaxis of Embolism Adult: SC 5000 units q812h until patient is ambulatory |
Intravenous PREPARE: Direct: Give undiluted. Intermittent/Continuous: ??May add to any amount of NS, D5W, or Ringer's for injection. ??Invert IV solution container at least 6 times to ensure adequate mixing. ADMINISTER: Direct: Give a single dose over 60 sec. Intermittent/Continuous: Use infusion pump and give over 424 h. INCOMPATIBILITIES Solution/additive: Alteplase, amikacin, atracurium, ciprofloxacin, codeine, cytarabine, dobutamine, doxorubicin, erythromycin, gentamicin, haloperidol, hyaluronidase, hydrocortisone, kanamycin, levorphanol, meperidine, methicillin, morphine, netilmicin, polymyxin B, promethazine, streptomycin, tetracycline, tobramycin, vancomycin. Y-site: Alteplase, amiodarone, amphotericin B cholesteryl, amsacrine, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, dacarbazine, diazepam, dobutamine, doxorubicin, doxycycline, droperidol, ergotamine, filgrastim, gatifloxacin, gentamicin, haloperidol, idarubicin, isosorbide, levofloxacin, methotrimeprazine, mexiletine, nitroglycerin, phenytoin, polymyxin B, tobramycin, tramadol, triflupromazine, vancomycin, vinorelbine. |
Notify laboratory that patient is receiving heparin, when a test is to be performed. Possibility of false-positive rise in BSP test and in serum thyroxine; and increases in resin T3 uptake; false-negative 125I fibrinogen uptake. Heparin prolongs PT. Valid readings may be obtained by drawing blood samples at least 46 h after an IV dose (but at any time during heparin infusion) and 1224 h after an SC heparin dose.
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