Some foods increase the absorption of
itraconazole capsules or tablets, but appears to decrease the bioavailability of
itraconazole solution. Studies with
ketoconazole have shown little effect of food on absorption although one found a decrease. Food increases the bioavailability of
posaconazole suspension. The bioavailability of
voriconazole is modestly reduced by food.
Itraconazole capsules are best taken with or after food, whereas the acidic solution should be taken at least 1 hour before food. Similarly,
posaconazole should be taken with food. A confusing and conflicting picture is presented by the studies with ketoconazole; however, one manufacturer of
ketoconazole says that it should always be taken with meals. The manufacturers of
voriconazole recommend that it should be taken at least one hour before or at least one to two hours after a meal. Food does not appear to affect
fluconazole capsules. Cola drinks may increase
itraconazole and
ketoconazole bioavailability, see
H2-receptor antagonists, below, and proton pump inhibitors.