CYCLOPENTOLATE HYDROCHLORIDE  (sye-kloe-pen'toe-late)  Ak-Pentolate, Cyclogyl, Pentalair Classifications: eye preparation; cycloplegic; mydriatic; Therapeutic: eye preparation; mydriatic Pregnancy Category: C
|
Availability
0.5%, 1%, 2% ophth solution
Action
Tertiary amine antimuscarinic compound with systemic side effects and CNS toxicity, similar to those of atropine. Acts by
blocking response of iris sphincter muscle, and muscle of accommodation in the ciliary body to cholinergic stimulation.
Therapeutic Effect
Results in dilation and paralysis of accommodation of the eyes.
Uses
Induction of cycloplegia or mydriasis for ophthalmic diagnostic procedures.
Contraindications
Narrow angle glaucoma, excessively increased intraocular pressure; pregnancy (category C), lactation; children with a history
of epilepsy.
Cautious Use
Elderly patients, brain damage (in children), Down's syndrome, spastic paralysis in children, blue-eyed individuals; infants;
seizure disorders.
Route & Dosage
Cycloplegia or Mydriasis Adult: Topical 1 drop of 1% solution in eye 4050 min before procedure, followed by 1 drop in 5 min; may need 2% solution
in patients with darkly pigmented eyes. Child: Topical 1 drop of 0.51% solution in eye 4050 min before procedure, followed by 1 drop in 5 min; may need 2% solution
in patients with darkly pigmented eyes.
|
Administration
Topical
- Clarify with physician which strength (1% or 2%) should be used.
- Ask patient to remove soft contact lenses prior to installation of drops.
Adverse Effects (≥1%)
Body as a Whole: Flushing, fever.
CNS: Drowsiness dysarthria, disorientation, ataxia, hallucinations, hyperkinesis, psychosis, seizures.
CV: Sinus tachycardia, hypotension.
GI: Dry mouth, abdominal distention in infants.
Skin: Rash, contact urticaria.
Special Senses: Burning, stinging, transient increases in intraocular pressure, irritation, punctate keratitis, blurred vision, hyperemia,
synechiae,
conjunctivitis, photophobia.
Urogenital: Urinary retention.
Interactions
Drug: May interfere with the
ocular antihypertensive effects of
carbachol, pilocarpine, physostigmine.
Pharmacokinetics
Peak: 1560 min.
Duration: 24 h.
Nursing Implications
Assessment & Drug Effects
- Monitor cardiac status especially with preexisting heart disease.
Patient & Family Education
- Do not touch the dropper to any surface, including your skin or eyes.
- Exercise caution when driving or engaging in other potentially hazardous activities as cyclopentolate ophthalmic may cause
blurred vision. If you experience blurred vision, avoid these activities.
- Protect your eyes when in bright light. Cyclopentolate ophthalmic may cause increased light sensitivity.
- Do not wear soft contact lenses when the eyedrops are being inserted.
- Report immediately any of the following: difficulty breathing, swelling of your lips, tongue, face or hives; palpitations;
and unusual behavior.