CLIOQUINOL (IODOCHLORHYDROXYQUIN)
| CLIOQUINOL (IODOCHLORHYDROXYQUIN) (klee-oh-kwee'nole) Torofor, Vioform Classifications: antibiotic; antifungal; Therapeutic: antibiotic; antifungal Pregnancy Category: C |
Availability
3% cream, ointment
Action
Halogenated quinolone is a broad-spectrum topical antiinfective.
Therapeutic Effect
Antifungal and antibacterial in activity. Available OTC.
Uses
Topically for treatment of inflamed cutaneous conditions such as eczema, athlete's foot, and other fungal conditions.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to chloroxine, iodine, or iodine-containing preparations; tuberculosis; vaccinia, varicella, or other viral skin conditions; severe renal disease; hepatic damage; thyroid disorder; children <2 y; pregnancy (category C), lactation.
Route & Dosage
| Inflamed Cutaneous Conditions Adult: Topical Apply thin layer to affected area b.i.d. or t.i.d. for 1 wk only |
Administration
Topical- Wash area to be treated with soap and water and dry thoroughly before each application. Consult physician.
- Do not apply an occlusive dressing without a physician's order.
- Preserve in tightly covered, light-resistant containers at 15°–30° C (59°–86° F) unless otherwise directed.
Adverse Effects (≥1%)
Body as a Whole: Iodism, hypersensitivity reaction, slight enlargement of thyroid gland, hair loss, subacute myeloptic neuropathy. Hematologic: Agranulocytosis. Skin: Local burning, irritation, redness, swelling, itching, rash, staining of hair and skin.Diagnostic Test Interference
Possibility of elevated PBI, decreased iodine 131 thyroidal uptake, and elevation of butanol-extractable iodine (BEI). False-positive ferric chloride test for phenylketonuria (PKU) may result if clioquinol is present on diaper or in urine.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Minimally absorbed through intact skin. Elimination: Some is rapidly excreted in urine; the rest may persist in body 1 mo or more.Nursing Implications
Assessment & Drug Effects
- Monitor for signs of skin irritation. Notify physician if they appear. Drug may be discontinued.
- Monitor for signs of systemic absorption such as thyroid enlargement and hair loss. Notify physician if they occur. Drug may be discontinued.
Patient & Family Education
- Avoid contact of drug in or around eyes. Drug may stain fabric, skin, or hair yellow on contact.
- Clioquinol should be discontinued if skin irritation, rash, or other signs of sensitivity or systemic absorption develop. Report to physician.
- Treatment is usually continued 4 wk for athlete's foot or ringworm and 2 wk for jock itch.
- Notify physician if there is no improvement within 1–2 wk. Apply the drug as directed and only for the period of time prescribed.
Common adverse effects in italic, life-threatening effects underlined; generic names in bold; classifications in SMALL CAPS; 
Canadian drug name; 
Prototype drug