CEFUROXIME SODIUM (se-fyoor-ox'eem) Zinacef CEFUROXIME AXETIL Ceftin Classifications: antibiotic; second-generation cephalosporin; Therapeutic: antibiotic; cephalosporin Prototype: Cefaclor Pregnancy Category: B |
125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg tablets; 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL suspension; 750 mg, 1.5 g injection
Semisynthetic second-generation cephalosporin beta-lactam antibiotic. Preferentially binds to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on cell walls of susceptible organisms. This inhibits third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis, thus killing the bacterium.
Resistance against beta-lactamaseproducing strains exceeds that of first-generation cephalosporins. Similar to other second-generation cephalosporins, cefuroxime is more active against gram-negative bacteria than are the first-generation cephalosporins but not as active as the third-generation cephalosporins.
Infections caused by susceptible organisms in the lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, and skin structures; also used for treatment of meningitis, gonorrhea, and otitis media and for perioperative prophylaxis (e.g., open-heart surgery), early Lyme disease.
Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and related antibiotics; viral infections.
History of allergy, particularly to drugs; penicillin sensitivity; renal insufficiency; history of colitis or other GI disease; potent diuretics; pregnancy (category B), lactation.
Moderate to Severe Infections Adult: PO 250500 mg q12h IV/IM 750 mg1.5 g q68h Child (3 mo12 y): PO 1015 mg/kg (125250 mg) q12h IV/IM 50100 mg/kg/d divided q8h (max: 6 g/d) Bacterial Meningitis Adult: IV/IM 1.53 g q8h Child/Infant (>3 mo): IV/IM 200240 mg/kg/d divided q68h; reduced to 100 mg/kg/d upon improvement Surgical Prophylaxis Adult/Adolescent: IV/IM 1.5 g 3060 min before surgery, then 750 mg q8h for 24 h Renal Impairment Clcr 1020 mL/min: give q12h; <10 mL/min: give q24h Hemodialysis: Give supplemental dose |
Intravenous
PREPARE: Direct: Dilute each 750 mg with 8 mL sterile water, D5W, or NS. Intermittent: Further dilute in 50100 mL of compatible solution. Continuous: May be added to 1000 mL of IV compatible solution. ADMINISTER: Direct: Give slowly over 35 min. Intermittent: Give over 30 min. Continuous: Give over 624 h. INCOMPATIBILITIES Solution/additive: aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, ranitidine. Y-site: aminoglycosides, azithromycin, cisatracurium, clarithromycin, filgrastim, fluconazole, midazolam, vancomycin, vinorelbine.
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Cefuroxime causes false-positive (black-brown or green-brown color) urine glucose reaction with copper reduction reagents (e.g., Benedict's or Clinitest). but not with enzymatic glucose oxidase reagents (e.g., Clinistix, TesTape). False-positive direct Coombs' test (may interfere with cross-matching procedures and hematologic studies) has been reported.
Assessment & Drug Effects
Patient & Family Education