Phenytoin reduces 
itraconazole levels (by about 90%). 
Ketoconazole may interact similarly with 
phenytoin, and fosphenytoin, a prodrug of 
phenytoin, may interact similarly with these 
azoles. 
 Concurrent use of 
phenytoin and 
itraconazole (and probably ketoconazole) should be avoided unless the benefits are expected to outweigh the risks. It seems highly likely that these 
azoles will be ineffective.