AMINOPHYLLINE (THEOPHYLLINE ETHYLENEDIAMIDE) (am-in-off'i-lin) Corophyllin , Paladron , Truphylline Classifications: bronchodilator; (respiratory smooth muscle relaxant); xanthine; Therapeutic: bronchodilator (respiratory smooth muscle relaxant) Prototype: Theophylline Pregnancy Category: C |
100 mg, 200 mg tablets; 105 mg/5 mL oral liquid; 25 mg/mL injection; 250 mg, 500 mg suppositories
A xanthine derivative that relaxes smooth muscle in the airways of the lungs and suppresses the response of the airways to stimuli that constrict them.
It is a respiratory smooth muscle relaxant that results in bronchodilation.
To prevent and relieve symptoms of acute bronchial asthma and treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
As a respiratory stimulant in Cheyne-Stokes respiration; for treatment of apnea and bradycardia in premature infants; as cardiac stimulant and diuretic in treatment of CHF.
Hypersensitivity to xanthine derivatives or to ethylenediamine component; cardiac arrhythmias; pregnancy (category C); lactation.
Severe hypertension, cardiac disease, arrhythmias; impaired hepatic function; diabetes mellitus; hyperthyroidism; glaucoma; prostatic hypertrophy; fibrocystic breast disease; history of peptic ulcer; neonates and young children, patients over 55 y; COPD, acute influenza or patients receiving influenza immunization.
Bronchospasm Adult: IV Loading Dose 6 mg/kg over 30 min IV Maintenance Dose Nonsmoker, 0.5 mg/kg/h; smoker, 0.8 mg/kg/h; CHF or cirrhosis, 0.10.2 mg/kg/h PO Nonsmoker, 0.5 mg/kg/h times 24 h in 4 divided doses; smoker, 0.75 mg/kg/h times 24 h in 4 divided doses; CHF or cirrhosis, 0.25 mg/kg/h times 24 h in 4 divided doses Child: IV Loading Dose 6 mg/kg IV over 30 min IV Maintenance Dose 19 y, 1 mg/kg/h; >9 y, 0.8 mg/kg/h PO 19 y, 1 mg/kg/h times 24 h in 4 divided doses; >9 y, 0.75 mg/kg/h times 24 h in 4 divided doses Infant: PO/IV 611 mo, 0.7 g/kg/h; 26 mo, 0.5 mg/kg/h Neonatal Apnea Neonate: PO/IV Loading Dose 5 mg/kg PO/IV Maintenance Dose 5 mg/kg/d divided q12h Geriatric Patients: PO 6.25 mg/kg loading dose, then 2.5 mg/kg q8h Obesity Dose on IBW. |
Intravenous
PREPARE: IV Infusion: ??Dilute loading dose in 100200 mL NS, D5W, D5/NS, or RL. For continuous or intermittent infusion dilute in 5001000 mL.??Do not use aminophylline solutions if discolored or if crystals are present. ADMINISTER: IV Infusion: Infuse at a rate not to exceed 25 mg/min. INCOMPATIBILITIES Solution/additive: Amikacin, bleomycin, cephalosporins, chlorpromazine, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, dimenhydrinate, dobutamine, doxorubicin, epinephrine, hydralazine, hydroxyzine, insulin, isoproterenol, meperidine, methylprednisolone, morphine, nafcillin, norepinephrine, papaverine, penicillin G, pentazocine, procaine, prochlorperazine, promazine, promethazine, verapamil, vitamin B complex with C, zinc. Y-site: Amiodarone, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, dobutamine, fenoldopam, hydralazine, lansoprazole, ondansetron, TPN, vinorelbine, warfarin. |
Assessment & Drug Effects
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